The FCA has fined trader Mako Financial Markets Partnership LLP £1,662,700 for failing to ensure it had effective systems and controls to guard against financial crime.

The failings relate to cum-ex trading and is the eighth and final enforcement case brought by the FCA in the area.

Cum-ex trading involves placing shares in alternative tax jurisdictions around dividend dates, with the aim of minimising withholding tax or generating withholding tax reclaims.

The regulator previously fined City broker ED&F Man Capital Markets a record £17.2m for “serious failings” in its oversight of cum-ex trading.

It said it has been working closely with EU and global law enforcement agencies and has imposed fines of more than £30m in relation to the trading. 

It said between December 2013 and November 2015, Mako executed purported over-the-counter equity trades on behalf of clients of the Solo Group, worth approximately £68.6bn in Danish equities and £23.6bn in Belgian equities. Mako received commission of approximately £1.45m.   

The trading was circular, which is highly suggestive of financial crime, the FCA said. The regulator said it appeared to have been carried out to allow the arranging of withholding tax (WHT) reclaims in Denmark and Belgium. Several individuals have now been convicted in Denmark as part of the scheme. 

The FCA said Mako additionally failed to identify red flags in other instances related to the Solo Group business. That involved a series of transactions which had no obvious rationale, and which resulted in the Solo Group’s controller incurring a €2m loss, to the benefit of his business associates.

It said Mako also received payment from a UAE-based third party connected to the Solo Group for outstanding debts owed by the Solo Group’s clients without performing any due diligence which created an increased risk of money laundering. 

Therese Chambers, joint executive director of enforcement and market oversight, said: “Mako failed to spot clear red flags and facilitated highly suspicious trading that made it vulnerable to being used to support financial crime. 

“For UK financial services to grow and compete, investors need to have trust in it. That’s why it is vital we stamp out these unacceptable practices which risk the reputation and integrity of UK markets.” 

As Mako has not disputed the FCA’s findings and agreed to settle, it qualified for a 30% discount on its fine under the FCA’s Settlement Discount Scheme.